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Hajimemashite is used only when first meeting someone. Its literal meaning is "for the first time" and it is the beginning of a longer expression, though it has now become an independent expression.
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X-desu is used to identify a person or a thing. Japanese adults normally use family names; first names are rarely used. Being a foreigner, however, you may use your first name if you prefer, but you should not use a Japanese person's first name unless you are specifically requested to do so.
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Doozo yoroshiku is used on occasions when you would say "I'm pleased to meet you" in English; literally, however, those two expressions mean quite different things. Doozo yoroshiku is the abbreviation of doozo yoroshiku onegai-shimasu, which literally means something like "I (humbly) request favorable treatment".
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